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--- In romconlang@yahoogroups.com, "thomasruhm" <thomas@...> wrote: > > > I hope you can post an example of Rhaetic Vulgar Latin; such languages > > were almost never written. I wonder if the written Latin was merely the written mode of the various Romance vernaculars up to the 9th and possibly even 10 centuries (in places like Italy). > > > > > Hello Pituxalina, > > this is a Rhaetic Latin text from the year 745, a donation document printed in the book 'Urkundenlandschaft Rätien'. The text is a good exempel, where you can see many phonetical and ortographical differences from normal latin. I am not so far to have developped or reconstructed an own language of it, still it is very interesting. > > In Christi nominie. Nos vero Gauzoinus, costa me dare adque donare Audemaro appati de parvola terrola mia pro mircete anime me vil pro sirvitium sum vil pro nodrigamintum, que intir vivo servia Audemaro et ille me notrice et avead podistade, quantum ad me adpertenit, casa, sola, orta, agra, prada, in pomifferis, in silvis fructefferis, in pascuis, cum aquis et accesso suis, omnia ex onibus ex entegru, quantum ad ipsum adpertenit. Et si quis, cot non credimus, aliquis alequando de heretis meus contra hunc factu, quod eo pro mercede mea vil pro nodrimintum, que me Audemaros notricat, ire temtare a inronpere voluerit, sead escomunicados da sancta aeclesia et sulva iudici ari liveras II. Et cartola donationis sua obtenia firmitatem, Aquilianis Arcatianis leges estibulationis, quia omnium cartarum adcomoda firmitatem. Facta cartola donationis anno XXX pos regnu domni nostri Dagopirti reies, die tertium calandas settenbris, sup presentia tistium, qui ab eo roiedi sunt suscripturi vil segna facturi. Nodavi die et regnum et testis, qui suscrivere conrocaverunt. Signum Gauzoini, qui hunc cartola fieri rocavit, signu Baldoaldi testis, signum Ascari testis, signum Quolpoaldi testis, signum Lantcotti testis, signum Landonis testis, signu Trudolfi testis, signum Frittonis testis. Ego Audo clericus roietus ad Cauzoinu hunc cartola escripsi et in testemonio suscripsi. Ego Quolfuinus fui intir, ubi hanc cartola facta est in testemonio suscripsi. Cartola donacionis Audemari apatis fruniscat con gracia Dei et sancti Petri. > > The changes I mention now were did not take place for every word, exspecially not in the spelling, which was very irregular. And you don't find all of them in this short text. > > Long 'e' were pronunced in as far as I know any position of a word as 'i'. A long 'o' became 'u'. Both were often writen so. Formerly long 'u' became 'ü' as in French. Still 'nodrigamintum' is spelled with 'o'. The book 'An Introduction to Vulgar Latin' says, there had been '*nodrire' as a dialect form of nutrire with long 'u'. > > 'Al' in names often became 'au'. Germanic 'w' was often spellt as 'qu'. T and c got softened between vovels got softened to 'd' and 'g'. 'P' became 'v'. Intervocalic 'b' became 'v'. In this text and some others you find 'i' written instead of 'g' before 'e'. It might be pronounced 'y' or 'j' as it is in Romansh dialects. > > 'E' before 'r', 'nt' and 'nd' changed to 'i'. 'Ist' is used for 'est' in various words. The 'Introduction to Vulgar Latin' mentions that 'e' can change to 'i' followed by 's' plus consonant. Why 'vel' is spelled 'vil' I don't know. > > 'D' between vovels got lost once in a while. > > I think, I got the most importent features. ;) > > There is another text which shows you quite a bit about Raetic Vulgar Latin. I will not explane it so detailed. The language is old Rumansh, from the eleventh century. > > Some of the 'u' are to be read as 'ü' and so I am going to write it although it was not done like that in the original text. It is called 'Einsiedler Interlinearversion'. > > Afunda nos des time tres causas kare frares, per aquilla tut i lo seulo perdüdo. Quil is: gurdus et qu'i hom o mo pote sille et arcullus, ki fai diabolus per aquillas tres causas ille primaris homo cannao, si plaida ille diavolus: "in quali die quo vo manducado de quil lin aves, si vene sü avirtu fos ouli" Nus timimo semper aquillas tres periüras causas sicu veni Adam perdüdi. Prendamus ieiünia contra quilla curda, prendamus umilantia contra contenia, aquill a savir e, ki nos a christiani venimo nominai. Angeli dei aquilla veni nos wardadüra, siqu'il sipse salvator dis: "venidade dico vos aquil: illi angeli... (The text ends here.) > > As in modern Romansh it got many 'u' where you would expect 'o' as in Italian. I don't know yet, what the reason for is. Many intervocalic consonants are lost. You will sure find more information about the text if you type some word of it into your web search engine. > > I hope you got loads of fun reading this. > > Cheers > Thomas > Here is my attempt to further render it into Rhaeto-Romance of the year 745: > In Chreste nuomne. Nos vero Gauzoino, costa me dare ague donare Audemaro appate de parvola terrola mia pro mircete aneme me vil pro sirvizo son vil pro nodrigaminto, que intir vivo servia Audemaro ed il me nodrice ed aviad podistade, quanto a me apertene, casa, sola, uorta, agra, prada, in pomiffres, in selvas frutteffres, in pascuas, con ague ed acesso sue, onnia es onivos es entegro, quanto ad esso apertene. E si que, cot non credhimos, algues alequando de eretes mios contra onc fatto, cot lo pro mircete mia vil pro nodriminto, que me Audemaros notrigad, ire temtare ad inronpere volere, sead escomunicados da santa eglesia e solva giudece are II livras. E cartola donazone sua otenia firmetade, Aguiliane Arcazane leies estiblazones, que onnio cartare acomoda firmetade. Fatta cartola donazone trenta anno pos reino donni nostri Dagopirti reies, die terzo calandas settenbre, sup presenza estio, qui de lo roiedi sont suscridure vil segna fatturi. Nodai die et reino e teste, qui suscrivere conrocaveron. Segno Gauzoini, qui onc cartola fiere rocait, segno Baldoaldi teste, segno Ascari teste, segno Quolpoaldi teste, segno Lantcotti teste, segno Landone teste, segno Trudolfi teste, segno Frittonis teste. Eo Audo clerego roiedo a Cauzoinu onc cartola escrise ed in testemonio suscrise. Eo Quolfuino fui intir, obe anc cartola fatta est in testemonio suscrise. Cartola donazone Audemari apate fronescat con gracia Dei e santo Pedro. I think this is probably what it would be like. I don't know if 'ex' had a continuation in Rhaeto-Romance, but I have rendered as 'es'