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How do you know that "ye'ad" is not referring to "yen", but to "vaxeb", by the way? This may be a silly question...
What do you mean "definiteness is the unmarked form"?
wu - classifier "other binary state"
fe - modifier "own, possess"
nka - argument inversion? how do we call that?
wu + fe + nka + b - verb "to own"
qu'u - classifier "non-recurring period of time"
sul - modifier "after..."
qu'u + sul + s - qu'uslus noun "future"
When is it "sul" and when is it "slu"? ("When it sounds better", I guess.)
va - classifier "mental state"
xe - modifier "meaning, symbol"
va + xe + b - verb "to understand"
su - classifier "performance attribute"
gal - modifier "deserving"
nda - ?
su + gla + nda + s + u = "opportunity"
What would a word like "suglas" mean? Are stems like "sugla-" inherently
an adjective and a "suglandas" cannot be "suglas"?
yo'a - classifier "epistemic evidentiality modality" ba - modifier "maximal polarity" yo'a + ba + k - adjective "sure"yo'a + ba + n + zu + me + b - verb "to become obvious" (What does the "n" mean?)
Ha... only now I realise that "obvious" is the middle form of "confident". Thanks for that. :-)
I think I'm getting the trick. :-)
Thank you,
Stephan
yen
wufenkab
qu'uslus
resu zag
yen
vaxeb
es
suglandasu
ye'ad
yo'abanzumeb
uglas.
MorphemeAddict@hidden.email schrieb:
Yen wufEnkab qu'Uslus rEsu zag yen vAxeb es suglandAsu ye'Ad yo'Abanzumeb Uglas.Stressed syllables (according to the rules in a previous post) have the stressed vowel in caps. Note that only "ye'ad" and "yo'abanzumeb" are not stressed on the penultimate.yen - [present-imperfective] wufEnkab - belong to qu'Eslus - the future rEsu - person [generic] zag - [here] who vAxeb - imagine, envision es - [anaphor of "resu"] they suglandAsu - opportunity [generic] ye'Ad - before yo'abAnzumeb - become obvious Uglas - [anaphor of "suglandas"] theyHere is the sentence in a tree structure to better show the relationships between the words.yen wufenkab = belongs to (present-imperfective, happening right now. maybe could also be tenseless-imperfective "ye'un")subj: qu'uslus = the future (definiteness is the unmarked form) obj: resu = generic form of "res" (person), here meaning 'people'zag = [relative clause marker] who(m), which, that (followed by a clause)yen vaxeb = (pres.-imperf.) imagine, envisionsubj: es = anaphor pronoun referring to "resu", here means 'they'. English does not use an explicit marker for cases like this. obj: suglandasu = generic form of "suglandas", the quality noun derived from "suglak" (opportune, timely, expedient, advantageous, favorable.) ye'ad = case tag 'before', followed by a clause yo'abanzumeb = dynamic ("zu"), middle ("me") verb form of "yo'abak" (sure, certain, positive, confident.) subj: uglas = anaphor pronoun referring to "suglandasu", meaning 'they'Translating back into English:The future belongs to people who imagine opportunities before they become obvious.Note that the meaning of the anaphoric pronouns is context dependent. "uglas" is the pronoun for any noun which has "u" as the first vowel of the classifier and "gla" as the only modifier. In this case only three stems match these criteria, so "uglas" would be the anaphor for any noun based on the adjectives "suglak" (opportune, timely, expedient, advantageous, favorable), "su'aglak" (inopportune, ill-timed, inexpedient, non-advantageous, unfavorable), or "wuglag" (deserving, meriting, worthy of, entitled to). Stems using other classifiers could be created which would also have this form of pronoun. Thus instead of the simple and ambiguous system of English "he/she/it/they", Saweli has a indefinite number of equivalent words, all derived from the noun stem, so the system is regular and virtually without ambiguity.Stefo, did I leave anything out? stevo