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--- In saweli@yahoogroups.com, MorphemeAddict@... wrote: > > In a message dated 5/14/2007 10:09:56 AM Central Daylight Time, > sts@... writes: > > > > The difference between the two sentences lies the "deicticity", (I don't > > know how to name this a better way). > > "He heard her (while she was) in their garden." is a sentence, where > > every item is indicated by the speaker, he, she, they, the garden, the > > hearing, the being inside somewhere. > > "He heard her (believing that she was) in their garden." is a sentence > > where "in their garden" is actually a reference made by "he" and is > > based on the P/F-action "he heard her". The speaker may not want to > > express that she was in their garden. > > > > Is this more than the distinction between "He heard her (who was) in the > garden" and "He heard her (while he was) in the garden"? Yes, it is yet another meaning. Hm... I can imagine four different interpretations of the sentence. He, while he was in the garden, heard her. (-> He was in the garden.) In the garden, he heard her. (-> He and she were in the garden.) He heard her, while she was in the garden. (-> She was in the garden.) He heard her in the garden. (-> Because of how he heard her, from his point of view, he thought she was in the garden.) > Saweli already handles these by using open adjectives modifying the object > noun phrase (for the former) and case tags modifying the verb (for the latter). Yes, I remember. :-) > If this isn't what you mean, then I don't understand how you get the second > interpretation from the given sentence. Hm... do you say you don't understand how "He heard her in the garden" could be read "From his point of view, when he heard her, she was in the garden" ? Bye, Stephan