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About semantic shifts in Romance langs



Hi everyone,

Lately I've been wondering about semantic changes from Proto-Romance to the 
different Romance langs. Principally I've been thinking about the different 
translations of French "parler": to talk, to speak, in different Romance langs 
I know. Thus I found:
French: parler
Italian: parlare
Spanish: hablar
Portuguese: falar

French and Italian seem to derive the verb for "to talk" from the same origin 
(I would guess VL *parlare, tell me if I'm wrong. If I'm not, then I would 
really like to know what it meant in Latin). For what I know of Spanish and 
Portuguese sound changes, they derive their verb from an earlier *fablar that I 
would connect with Latin *fabulare (not sure it exists) and fabula, which in 
turn gave in French "fable": "(unbelievable) story" and "fabuler": "to tell 
unbelievable stories".

The semantic drift that took place in the Ibero-Romance langs is really 
interesting (from *fabulare which meant I suppose: "to tell a story", to hablar 
and falar: to speak, to talk). The reason why is that I want to fill Narbonósc 
with plausible but unusual semantic drifts, so that words in Narbonósc that are 
cognates with words in other Romance langs won't always have the same meaning, 
but rather a different, even if related, meaning.

Right now I have two interesting semantic drifts in Narbonósc:
- hom and fêne (from Latin hominem and femina) don't mean simply "man" 
and "woman" but rather "male human being" and "female human being", i.e. they 
are rather biological terms. To refer to people, you use dom: "man", "Mr" and 
dône: "woman", "Ms" (from dominus and domina). And there are also the versatile 
douem and douêne (same origin as dom and dône, but for a reason the sound 
changes were a little different).
- mãg (from Latin magnus, and more exactly its adverbial form magne) has taken 
the place of multus and means "a lot", "many", "much". In the same fashion, 
poev (from Latin parve) has taken the place of pauci and means "few", "little". 
Their respective comparatives mais and mins are particular in that it's 
impossible to know whether they come from the comparative forms of magnus and 
parvus (majus and minus) or from the comparative forms of multus and pauci 
(magis and I think minus). Multus and pauci didn't disappear completely, but 
their forms in Narbonósc (mout /mu/ and pauc /po/) have changed meaning (and 
use) completely and are used in very particular environments, always negative.

What I would like to know is if in your own Romance conlangs you have also 
funny, unusual or interesting semantic drifts, and if you know some interesting 
ones in Romance natlangs. I need all the material you can find to get some 
inspiration and especially to know what's possible and what's not in diachronic 
semantics.

Thank you in advance.

Christophe.

http://rainbow.conlang.free.fr