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In Raikudu: no. The roots all have a default part of speech, which then might be changed with a suffix (a syllable). All roots behave the same when they have pos-suffixes. But you can't predict the default pos from their shape. In Lirakdom there are no default part of speech for roots. All words have a part of speech suffix (a consonant), except verbs, which have none. All roots without a part of speech suffix are verbs, without exception (which includes particles). It's the same with argument structure: in Raikudu they all have defaults, in Lirakdom they are always marked, well unless you count a "do not apply" option that exist for some particles. Personally, I prefer the Lirakdom way. It's how I always intended it to be. It means increased regularity, transparency and neutrality, since there are no need to make arbitrary choices about the defaults and it simplifies the logic behind the parse rules of words. -- Veoler FaqSphinx wrote: > Good morning List: > > Question to Veoler about morphemes. Can a speaker tell the difference > between noun and verb roots by phonetic shape? > > FaqSphinx